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China | |  |
US Imports from China from 2002 to 2006
China’s high output growth has been maintained in 2006, led by
investment and exports, and inflation has remained low. The IMF
noted that if China is to sustain rapid and stable economic growth,
the economy needs to be rebalanced away from heavy dependence on
export-led growth toward selfsustaining domestic demand. The
country’s rising trade surplus leaves it vulnerable to developments
in the United States and Europe (including protectionism). The IMF
also called for monetary policy actions to prevent a further
acceleration of investment, and urged China to increase exchange
rate flexibility. It noted that the 2006 budget is appropriate,
but that financial sector reforms would improve the intermediation
of China’s large private savings. The IMF indicated that the benefits
from growth need to be more broadly distributed to address considerable
urban-rural income disparities (and related population flows).
The IMF also suggested that higher social spending in the areas of
education, health care, and pensions, would serve to reduce
precautionary saving and boost consumption over time.
Sources: People’s Republic of China: 2006 Article IV Consultation, IMF,
October 2006, India: 2006 Article IV Consultation, IMF, February 2006.
Trade (2006): Exports--$969.3 billion:
electronics; machinery; apparel; optical, photographic,
and medical equipment; and furniture.
Main partners--U.S., Hong Kong, Japan, EU,
South Korea, Singapore.
Imports--$791.8 billion: electronics, machinery, mineral
fuel and oil, chemicals, plastic.
Main partners--Japan, EU, Taiwan, South Korea,
U.S., Malaysia, Australia.
| China's main exports to major trade partners from January to April 2003, with the value in million US dollars: |
| Japan |
| Items |
Value |
| Machinery, electronic products and audio-video facilities |
7,689.960 |
| Textile raw material and products |
5,039.686 |
| Food, beverages and cigarettes |
1,076.715 |
| Minerals |
881.588 |
| Base metals and products |
1,168.580 |
| Optical, medical instruments and meters |
824.396 |
| ROK |
| Items |
Value |
| Machinery, electronic products and audio-video facilities |
2,901.706 |
| Textile raw material and products |
1,172.479 |
| Base metals and products |
852.447 |
| Minerals |
460.337 |
| Chemical products |
449.111 |
| Plants and Vegetables |
239.073 |
| Live animals |
232.331 |
| Taiwan Province |
| Items |
Value |
| Machinery, electronic products and audio-video facilities |
1,752.489 |
| Base metals and products |
420.383 |
| Chemical products |
250.295 |
| Mineral products |
235.909 |
| Textile raw material and products |
176.156 |
| Optical, medical instruments and meters |
318.679 |
| Transport vehicles |
72.013 |
| Hongkong SAR |
| Items |
Value |
| Machinery, electronic products and audio-video facilities |
13,721.832 |
| Textile raw material and products |
4,650.043 |
| Base metals and products |
1,154.730 |
| Optical and medical instruments |
1,615.200 |
| Miscellaneous products (furniture, lamp, toys, etc.) |
941.685 |
| Plastics and rubber products |
679.084 |
| Fur, feather and related products |
581.191 |
| India |
| Items |
Value |
| Machinery, electronic products and audio-video facilities |
491.395 |
| Chemical products |
325.153 |
| Textile raw material and products |
255.782 |
| Minerals |
99.055 |
| Base metal and related products |
83.345 |
| Malaysia |
| Items |
Value |
| Machinery, electronic products and audio-video facilities |
1,258.570 |
| Textile raw material and products |
156.110 |
| Plant products |
87.197 |
| Base metals and products |
137.330 |
| Chemical products |
104.066 |
| Indonesia |
| Items |
Value |
| Machinery, electronic products and audio-video facilities |
543.742 |
| Minerals |
222.825 |
| Chemical products |
180.217 |
| Textile raw material and products |
152.105 |
| Base metals and products |
149.989 |
| Plant products |
73.847 |
| Transport vehicles |
114.535 |
| Thailand |
| Items |
Value |
| Machinery, electronic products and audio-video facilities |
773.005 |
| Chemical products |
187.205 |
| Textile raw materials and products |
117.575 |
| Base metals and products |
140.509 |
| Transport vehicles |
23.909 |
| Vietnam |
| Items |
Value |
| Minerals |
197.476 |
| Textile raw material and products |
164.264 |
| Machinery, electronic products and audio-video facilities |
205.884 |
| Chemical products |
201.971 |
| Base metals and products |
103.973 |
| Singapore |
| Items |
Value |
| Machinery, electronic products, and audio-video facilities |
2,075.042 |
| Textile raw material and products |
357.679 |
| Minerals |
103.770 |
| Base metals and products |
154.812 |
| Transport vehicles |
68.003 |
| Chemical products |
100.907 |
| Optical and medical instruments and meters |
88.260 |
| UK |
| Items |
Value |
| Machines, electronic products and audio-video facilities |
1,677.912 |
| Miscellaneous products (furniture, lamp, toys, etc.) |
445.198 |
| Textile material and products |
386.819 |
| Base metals and related products |
303.406 |
| Plastics, rubber and related products |
169.034 |
| Chemicals and related products |
140.404 |
| Leather, fur and related products |
106.016 |
| Transport equipment |
171.256 |
| France |
| Items |
Value |
| Machinery, electronic products and audio-video facilities |
1,690.885 |
| Textile materials and products |
271.489 |
| Miscellaneous products (furniture, lamp, toys, etc.) |
178.003 |
| Leather, fur and related products, bags |
75.645 |
| Chemical products |
120.375 |
| Optical, medical instruments |
126.132 |
| Plastics, rubber and related products |
89.540 |
| Germany |
| Items |
Value |
| Machinery, electronic products and audio-video facilities |
3,693.261 |
| Textile raw material and products |
579.283 |
| Vehicles and transportation equipment |
271.541 |
| Miscellaneous products (furniture, lamp, toys, etc.) |
375.849 |
| Base metals and products |
339.420 |
| Chemical products |
290.172 |
| Optical and medical instruments |
228.331 |
| Russia |
| Items |
Volume |
| Textile materials and products |
594.721 |
| Leather, fur and related products |
500.117 |
| Machines, electronic products and audio-video facilities |
361.549 |
| Footwear, headgear, umbrellas, feather products |
212.641 |
| Plant products |
88.713 |
| EU |
| Items |
Value |
| Machinery, electronic products and audio-video facilities |
14,299.732 |
| Textile material and products |
2,511.305 |
| Miscellaneous products (furniture, lamp, toys, etc.) |
1,894.639 |
| Base metals and related products |
1,688.410 |
| Chemical products |
1,282.219 |
| Fur, leather and products |
725.929 |
| Vehicles, vessels, and transport facilities |
1,004.371 |
| Italy |
| Items |
Value |
| Machinery, electronic products and audio-video facilities |
988.551 |
| Textile materials and products |
449.719 |
| Base metals and related products |
192.062 |
| Chemicals and related products |
164.553 |
| Miscellaneous products (furniture, lamp, toys, etc.) |
143.458 |
| Leather, fur and related products, bags |
129.504 |
| Headgear, footwear, umbrellas, and artificial flowers |
114.527 |
| Belgium |
| Items |
Value |
| Machinery, electronic products and audio-video facilities |
537.767 |
| Precious metals, jewelry and related products |
161.138 |
| Textile materials and products |
141.439 |
| Chemicals and related products |
126.653 |
| Miscellaneous products (furniture, lamp, toys, etc.) |
125.653 |
| Base metal and related products |
111.845 |
| Footwear, headgear, umbrellas, feather products |
76.294 |
| Netherlands |
| Items |
Value |
| Machinery, electronic products and audio-video facilities |
3,250.791 |
| Miscellaneous products (furniture, lamp, toys, etc.) |
264.004 |
| Base metals and related products |
340.709 |
| Chemicals and related products |
231.516 |
| Textile materials and products |
192.807 |
| Optical, medical instruments and meters |
115.924 |
| Vehicles, aircraft, vessels and transport facilities |
106.217 |
| Sweden |
| Items |
Value |
| Machinery, electronic products and audio-visual facilities |
182.733 |
| Vehicles, aircraft and transport facilities |
51.701 |
| Textile material and products |
69.546 |
| Miscellaneous products (furniture, lamp, toys, etc.) |
59.241 |
| Base metals and related products |
40.533 |
| Finland |
| Items |
Value |
| Machinery, electronic products and audio-video facilities |
471.628 |
| Textile materials and products |
27.752 |
| Miscellaneous products (furniture, lamp, toys, etc.) |
23.094 |
| Base metals and related products |
32.903 |
| Footwear, headgear, umbrellas, and artificial flowers |
18.284 |
| Leather and fur products |
10.345 |
| Switzerland |
| Items |
Value |
| Textile materials and products |
109.558 |
| Machines, electronic products and audio-video facilities |
70.727 |
| Chemicals and related products |
34.128 |
| Optical, medical instruments and meters |
29.102 |
| Footwear, headgear, umbrellas, and artificial flowers |
16.826 |
| Spain |
| Items |
Value |
| Machinery, electronic products and audio-video facilities |
523.758 |
| Textile materials and products |
203.346 |
| Chemicals and related products |
139.956 |
| Miscellaneous products (furniture, lamp, toys, etc.) |
130.985 |
| Base metal and related products |
119.107 |
| Fur, leather and related products |
84.471 |
| US |
| Items |
Value |
| Machinery, electronic products and audio-video facilities |
15,229.570 |
| Miscellaneous products (furniture, lamp, toys, etc.) |
3,950.370 |
| Footwear, headgear, umbrellas, feather products |
2,181.282 |
| Textile materials and products |
2,479.489 |
| Base metals and related products |
2,201.995 |
| Plastic, rubber and related products |
1,403.574 |
| Chemicals |
1,059.499 |
| Fur and leather products |
761.092 |
| Optical, medical instruments and meters |
764.097 |
| Canada |
| Items |
Value |
| Machinery, electronic products and audio-video facilities |
747.337 |
| Textile materials and products |
338.805 |
| Miscellaneous products (furniture, lamp, toys, etc.) |
244.078 |
| Base metals and related products |
246.279 |
| Footwear, headgear, umbrellas, artificial flowers |
92.217 |
| Plastics and products |
97.428 |
| Argentina |
| Items |
Value |
| Machinery, electronic products and audio-video facilities |
57.068 |
| Chemical products |
36.608 |
| Base metals and related products |
15.217 |
| Textile materials and products |
9.664 |
| Miscellaneous products (furniture, lamp, toys, etc.) |
10.601 |
| Vehicles, aircraft, vessels, transport facilities |
7.580 |
| Brazil |
| Items |
Value |
| Machinery, electronic products and audio-video facilities |
387.119 |
| Chemical products |
110.631 |
| Textile materials and products |
124.744 |
| Base metals and related products |
34.859 |
| Miscellaneous products (furniture, lamp, toys, etc.) |
22.839 |
| Footwear, headgear, umbrellas, artificial flowers |
20.594 |
| Australia |
| Items |
Value |
| Textile raw materials and products |
584.813 |
| Machinery, electronic products and audio-video facilities |
778.010 |
| Base metals, related products |
185.119 |
| Chemicals and related products |
148.483 |
| Miscellaneous products (furniture, lamp, toys, etc.) |
150.998 |
| Footwear, headgear, umbrellas, artificial flowers |
64.247 |
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